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rceps

Real cepstrum and minimum-phase reconstruction

Description

example

[y,ym] = rceps(x) returns both the real cepstrum y and a minimum phase reconstructed version ym of the input sequence.

Examples

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A speech recording includes an echo caused by reflection off a wall. Use the real cepstrum to filter it out.

In the recording, a person says the word MATLAB®. Load the data and the sample rate, Fs=7418Hz.

load mtlb

% To hear, type soundsc(mtlb,Fs)

Model the echo by adding to the recording a copy of the signal delayed by Δ samples and attenuated by a known factor α: y(n)=x(n)+αx(n-Δ). Specify a time lag of 0.23 s and an attenuation factor of 0.5.

timelag = 0.23;
delta = round(Fs*timelag);
alpha = 0.5;

orig = [mtlb;zeros(delta,1)];
echo = [zeros(delta,1);mtlb]*alpha;

mtEcho = orig + echo;

Plot the original, the echo, and the resulting signal.

t = (0:length(mtEcho)-1)/Fs;

% To hear, type soundsc(mtEcho,Fs)

subplot(2,1,1)
plot(t,[orig echo])
legend("Original","Echo")

subplot(2,1,2)
plot(t,mtEcho)
legend("Total")
xlabel("Time (s)")

Compute the real cepstrum of the signal. Plot the cepstrum and annotate its maxima. The cepstrum has a sharp peak at the time at which the echo starts to arrive.

c = rceps(mtEcho);

[px,locs] = findpeaks(c,Threshold=0.2,MinPeakDistance=0.2);

clf
plot(t,c,t(locs),px,"o")
xlabel("Time (s)")

Cancel the echo by filtering the signal through an IIR system whose output w obeys w(n)+αw(n-Δ)=y(n). Plot the filtered signal and compare it to the original.

dl = locs(2)-1;

mtNew = filter(1,[1 zeros(1,dl-1) alpha],mtEcho);

% To hear, type soundsc(mtNew,Fs)

subplot(2,1,1)
plot(t,orig)
legend("Original")

subplot(2,1,2)
plot(t,mtNew)
legend("Filtered")
xlabel("Time (s)")

Input Arguments

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Input signal, specified as a real vector.

Output Arguments

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Real cepstrum, returned as a vector.

Minimum phase real cepstrum, returned as a vector.

Algorithms

The real cepstrum is the inverse Fourier transform of the real logarithm of the magnitude of the Fourier transform of a sequence.

Note

rceps only works on real data.

rceps is an implementation of algorithm 7.2 in [2], that is,

y = real(ifft(log(abs(fft(x)))));

Appropriate windowing in the cepstral domain forms the reconstructed minimum-phase signal:

w = [1;2*ones(n/2-1,1);ones(1-rem(n,2),1);zeros(n/2-1,1)];
ym = real(ifft(exp(fft(w.*y))));

References

[1] Oppenheim, Alan V., and Ronald W. Schafer. Digital Signal Processing, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, Prentice-Hall, 1975.

[2] Programs for Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Press, New York, 1979.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

See Also

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